[Flang] [FlangRT] Introduce FlangRT project as solution to Flang's runtime LLVM integration

See discourse thread https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-support-cmake-option-to-control-link-type-built-for-flang-runtime-libraries/71602/18 for full details.

Flang-rt is the new library target for the flang runtime libraries. It builds the Flang-rt library (which contains the sources of FortranRuntime and FortranDecimal) and the Fortran_main library. See documentation in this patch for detailed description (flang-rt/docs/GettingStarted.md).

This patch aims to:
- integrate Flang's runtime into existing llvm infrasturcture so that Flang's runtime can be built similarly to other runtimes via the runtimes target or via the llvm target as an enabled runtime
- decouple the FortranDecimal library sources that were used by both compiler and runtime so that different build configurations can be applied for compiler vs runtime
- add support for running flang-rt testsuites, which were created by migrating relevant tests from `flang/test` and `flang/unittest` to `flang-rt/test` and `flang-rt/unittest`, using a new `check-flang-rt` target.
- provide documentation on how to build and use the new FlangRT runtime

Reviewed By: DanielCChen

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D154869

runtimes/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ list(INSERT CMAKE_MODULE_PATH 0
 
 # We order libraries to mirror roughly how they are layered, except that compiler-rt can depend
 # on libc++, so we put it after.
-set(LLVM_DEFAULT_RUNTIMES "libc;libunwind;libcxxabi;pstl;libcxx;compiler-rt;openmp")
+set(LLVM_DEFAULT_RUNTIMES "libc;libunwind;libcxxabi;pstl;libcxx;compiler-rt;openmp;flang-rt")
 set(LLVM_SUPPORTED_RUNTIMES "${LLVM_DEFAULT_RUNTIMES};llvm-libgcc")
 set(LLVM_ENABLE_RUNTIMES "" CACHE STRING
   "Semicolon-separated list of runtimes to build, or \"all\" (${LLVM_DEFAULT_RUNTIMES}). Supported runtimes are ${LLVM_SUPPORTED_RUNTIMES}.")