[clang-format] Don't confuse initializer equal signs in for loops (#77712)

clang-format has logic to align declarations of multiple variables of
the same type, aligning them at the equals sign. This logic is applied
in for loops as well. However, this alignment logic also erroneously
affected the equals signs of designated initializers.

This patch forbids alignment if the token 2 tokens back from the equals
sign is a designated initializer period.

Fixes https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/73902

clang/lib/Format/ContinuationIndenter.cpp

@@ -703,7 +703,9 @@ void ContinuationIndenter::addTokenOnCurrentLine(LineState &State, bool DryRun,
 
   if (Current.is(tok::equal) &&
       (State.Line->First->is(tok::kw_for) || Current.NestingLevel == 0) &&
-      CurrentState.VariablePos == 0) {
+      CurrentState.VariablePos == 0 &&
+      (!Previous.Previous ||
+       Previous.Previous->isNot(TT_DesignatedInitializerPeriod))) {
     CurrentState.VariablePos = State.Column;
     // Move over * and & if they are bound to the variable name.
     const FormatToken *Tok = &Previous;

clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp

@@ -5008,6 +5008,18 @@ TEST_F(FormatTest, DesignatedInitializers) {
                "    [3] = cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc,\n"
                "    [4] = dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd,\n"
                "    [5] = eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee};");
+
+  verifyFormat("for (const TestCase &test_case : {\n"
+               "         TestCase{\n"
+               "             .a = 1,\n"
+               "             .b = 1,\n"
+               "         },\n"
+               "         TestCase{\n"
+               "             .a = 2,\n"
+               "             .b = 2,\n"
+               "         },\n"
+               "     }) {\n"
+               "}\n");
 }
 
 TEST_F(FormatTest, BracedInitializerIndentWidth) {