This PR implements python enum bindings for *all* the enums - this includes `I*Attrs` (including positional/bit) and `Dialect/EnumAttr`.
There are a few parts to this:
1. CMake: a small addition to `declare_mlir_dialect_python_bindings` and `declare_mlir_dialect_extension_python_bindings` to generate the enum, a boolean arg `GEN_ENUM_BINDINGS` to make it opt-in (even though it works for basically all of the dialects), and an optional `GEN_ENUM_BINDINGS_TD_FILE` for handling corner cases.
2. EnumPythonBindingGen.cpp: there are two weedy aspects here that took investigation:
1. If an enum attribute is not a `Dialect/EnumAttr` then the `EnumAttrInfo` record is canonical, as far as both the cases of the enum **and the `AttrDefName`**. On the otherhand, if an enum is a `Dialect/EnumAttr` then the `EnumAttr` record has the correct `AttrDefName` ("load bearing", i.e., populates `ods.ir.AttributeBuilder('<NAME>')`) but its `enum` field contains the cases, which is an instance of `EnumAttrInfo`. The solution is to generate an one enum class for both `Dialect/EnumAttr` and "independent" `EnumAttrInfo` but to make that class interopable with two builder registrations that both do the right thing (see next sub-bullet).
2. Because we don't have a good connection to cpp `EnumAttr`, i.e., only the `enum class` getters are exposed (like `DimensionAttr::get(Dimension value)`), we have to resort to parsing e.g., `Attribute.parse(f'#gpu<dim {x}>')`. This means that the set of supported `assemblyFormat`s (for the enum) is fixed at compile of MLIR (currently 2, the only 2 I saw). There might be some things that could be done here but they would require quite a bit more C API work to support generically (e.g., casting ints to enum cases and binding all the getters or going generically through the `symbolize*` methods, like `symbolizeDimension(uint32_t)` or `symbolizeDimension(StringRef)`).
A few small changes:
1. In addition, since this patch registers default builders for attributes where people might've had their own builders already written, I added a `replace` param to `AttributeBuilder.insert` (`False` by default).
2. `makePythonEnumCaseName` can't handle all the different ways in which people write their enum cases, e.g., `llvm.CConv.Intel_OCL_BI`, which gets turned into `INTEL_O_C_L_B_I` (because `llvm::convertToSnakeFromCamelCase` doesn't look for runs of caps). So I dropped it. On the otherhand regularization does need to done because some enums have `None` as a case (and others might have other python keywords).
3. I turned on `llvm` dialect generation here in order to test `nvvm.WGMMAScaleIn`, which is an enum with [[ d7e26b5620/mlir/include/mlir/IR/EnumAttr.td (L22-L25) | no explicit discriminator ]] for the `neg` case.
Note, dialects that didn't get a `GEN_ENUM_BINDINGS` don't have any enums to generate.
Let me know if I should add more tests (the three trivial ones I added exercise both the supported `assemblyFormat`s and `replace=True`).
Reviewed By: stellaraccident
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D157934
This patch adds a mix-in class for the only transform op of the tensor
dialect that can benefit from one: the MakeLoopIndependentOp. It adds an
overload that makes providing the return type optional.
Reviewed By: ftynse
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D156918
This patch uses the new enum binding generation to add the enums of the
dialect to the Python bindings and uses them in the mix-in class where
it was still missing (namely, the `LayoutMapOption` for the
`function_boundary_type_conversion` of the `OneShotBufferizeOp`.
The patch also piggy-backs a few smaller clean-ups:
* Order the keyword-only arguments alphabetically.
* Add the keyword-only arguments to an overload where they were left out
by accident.
* Change some of the attribute values used in the tests to non-default
values such that they show up in the output IR and check for that
output.
Reviewed By: ftynse
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D156664
Create a mix-in class with an overloaded constructor that makes the
return type optional.
Reviewed By: ftynse
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D156561
Provide Python bindings for transform ops defined in the vector dialect.
All of these ops are sufficiently simple that no mixins are necessary
for them to be nicely usable.
Reviewed By: ingomueller-net
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D156554
Add an ODS (tablegen) backend to generate Python enum classes and
attribute builders for enum attributes defined in ODS. This will allow
us to keep the enum attribute definitions in sync between C++ and
Python, as opposed to handwritten enum classes in Python that may end up
using mismatching values. This also makes autogenerated bindings more
convenient even in absence of mixins.
Use this backend for the transform dialect failure propagation mode enum
attribute as demonstration.
Reviewed By: ingomueller-net
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D156553
This patch creates the .td files for the Python bindings of the
transform ops of the MemRef dialect and integrates them into the build
systems (CMake and Bazel).
Reviewed By: ftynse
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D156536
This patch adds mix-in classes for the Python bindings of
`EmptyTensorToAllocTensorOp` and `OneShotBufferizeOp`. For both classes,
the mix-in add overloads to the `__init__` functions that allow to
construct them without providing the return type, which is defaulted to
the only allowed type and `AnyOpType`, respectively.
Note that the mix-in do not expose the
`function_boundary_type_conversion` attribute. The attribute has a
custom type from the bufferization dialect that is currently not exposed
in the Python bindings. Handling of that attribute can be added easily
to the mix-in class when the need arises.
Reviewed By: springerm
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D155799
This patch adds a mix-in class for MapForallToBlocks with overloaded
constructors. This makes it optional to provide the return type of the
op, which is defaulte to `AnyOpType`.
Reviewed By: ftynse
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D155717
The initial bring-up of the Transform dialect relied on PDL to provide
the default handle type (`!pdl.operation`) and the matching capability.
Both are now provided natively by the Transform dialect removing the
reason to have a hard dependency on the PDL dialect and its interpreter.
Move PDL-related transform operations into a separate extension.
This requires us to introduce a dialect state extension mechanism into
the Transform dialect so it no longer needs to know about PDL constraint
functions that may be injected by extensions similarly to operations and
types. This mechanism will be reused to connect pattern application
drivers and the Transform dialect.
This completes the restructuring of the Transform dialect to remove
overrilance on PDL.
Note to downstreams: flow that are using `!pdl.operation` with Transform
dialect operations will now require `transform::PDLExtension` to be
applied to the transform dialect in order to provide the transform
handle type interface for `!pdl.operation`.
Reviewed By: springerm
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D151104
Add a new OperationType handle type to the Transform dialect. This
transform type is parameterized by the name of the payload operation it
can point to. It is intended as a constraint on transformations that are
only applicable to a specific kind of payload operations. If a
transformation is applicable to a small set of operation classes, it can
be wrapped into a transform op by using a disjunctive constraint, such
as `Type<Or<[Transform_ConcreteOperation<"foo">.predicate,
Transform_ConcreteOperation<"bar">.predicate]>>` for its operand without
modifying this type. Broader sets of accepted operations should be
modeled as specific types.
Reviewed By: nicolasvasilache
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D135586
tensor.empty/linalg.init_tensor produces an uninititalized tensor that can be used as a destination operand for destination-style ops (ops that implement `DestinationStyleOpInterface`).
This change makes it possible to implement `TilingInterface` for non-destination-style ops without depending on the Linalg dialect.
RFC: https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-add-tensor-from-shape-operation/65101
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D135129
Using if (TARGET ${LLVM_NATIVE_ARCH}) only works if MLIR is built
together with LLVM, but not for standalone builds of MLIR. The
correct way to check this is
if (${LLVM_NATIVE_ARCH} IN_LIST LLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD), as the
LLVM build system exports LLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD.
To avoid repeating the same check many times, add a
MLIR_ENABLE_EXECUTION_ENGINE variable.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D131071
Since the very first commits, the Python and C MLIR APIs have had mis-placed registration/load functionality for dialects, extensions, etc. This was done pragmatically in order to get bootstrapped and then just grew in. Downstreams largely bypass and do their own thing by providing various APIs to register things they need. Meanwhile, the C++ APIs have stabilized around this and it would make sense to follow suit.
The thing we have observed in canonical usage by downstreams is that each downstream tends to have native entry points that configure its installation to its preferences with one-stop APIs. This patch leans in to this approach with `RegisterEverything.h` and `mlir._mlir_libs._mlirRegisterEverything` being the one-stop entry points for the "upstream packages". The `_mlir_libs.__init__.py` now allows customization of the environment and Context by adding "initialization modules" to the `_mlir_libs` package. If present, `_mlirRegisterEverything` is treated as such a module. Others can be added by downstreams by adding a `_site_initialize_{i}.py` module, where '{i}' is a number starting with zero. The number will be incremented and corresponding module loaded until one is not found. Initialization modules can:
* Perform load time customization to the global environment (i.e. registering passes, hooks, etc).
* Define a `register_dialects(registry: DialectRegistry)` function that can extend the `DialectRegistry` that will be used to bootstrap the `Context`.
* Define a `context_init_hook(context: Context)` function that will be added to a list of callbacks which will be invoked after dialect registration during `Context` initialization.
Note that the `MLIRPythonExtension.RegisterEverything` is not included by default when building a downstream (its corresponding behavior was prior). For downstreams which need the default MLIR initialization to take place, they must add this back in to their Python CMake build just like they add their own components (i.e. to `add_mlir_python_common_capi_library` and `add_mlir_python_modules`). It is perfectly valid to not do this, in which case, only the things explicitly depended on and initialized by downstreams will be built/packaged. If the downstream has not been set up for this, it is recommended to simply add this back for the time being and pay the build time/package size cost.
CMake changes:
* `MLIRCAPIRegistration` -> `MLIRCAPIRegisterEverything` (renamed to signify what it does and force an evaluation: a number of places were incidentally linking this very expensive target)
* `MLIRPythonSoure.Passes` removed (without replacement: just drop)
* `MLIRPythonExtension.AllPassesRegistration` removed (without replacement: just drop)
* `MLIRPythonExtension.Conversions` removed (without replacement: just drop)
* `MLIRPythonExtension.Transforms` removed (without replacement: just drop)
Header changes:
* `mlir-c/Registration.h` is deleted. Dialect registration functionality is now in `IR.h`. Registration of upstream features are in `mlir-c/RegisterEverything.h`. When updating MLIR and a couple of downstreams, I found that proper usage was commingled so required making a choice vs just blind S&R.
Python APIs removed:
* mlir.transforms and mlir.conversions (previously only had an __init__.py which indirectly triggered `mlirRegisterTransformsPasses()` and `mlirRegisterConversionPasses()` respectively). Downstream impact: Remove these imports if present (they now happen as part of default initialization).
* mlir._mlir_libs._all_passes_registration, mlir._mlir_libs._mlirTransforms, mlir._mlir_libs._mlirConversions. Downstream impact: None expected (these were internally used).
C-APIs changed:
* mlirRegisterAllDialects(MlirContext) now takes an MlirDialectRegistry instead. It also used to trigger loading of all dialects, which was already marked with a TODO to remove -- it no longer does, and for direct use, dialects must be explicitly loaded. Downstream impact: Direct C-API users must ensure that needed dialects are loaded or call `mlirContextLoadAllAvailableDialects(MlirContext)` to emulate the prior behavior. Also see the `ir.c` test case (e.g. ` mlirContextGetOrLoadDialect(ctx, mlirStringRefCreateFromCString("func"));`).
* mlirDialectHandle* APIs were moved from Registration.h (which now is restricted to just global/upstream registration) to IR.h, arguably where it should have been. Downstream impact: include correct header (likely already doing so).
C-APIs added:
* mlirContextLoadAllAvailableDialects(MlirContext): Corresponds to C++ API with the same purpose.
Python APIs added:
* mlir.ir.DialectRegistry: Mapping for an MlirDialectRegistry.
* mlir.ir.Context.append_dialect_registry(MlirDialectRegistry)
* mlir.ir.Context.load_all_available_dialects()
* mlir._mlir_libs._mlirAllRegistration: New native extension that exposes a `register_dialects(MlirDialectRegistry)` entry point and performs all upstream pass/conversion/transforms registration on init. In this first step, we eagerly load this as part of the __init__.py and use it to monkey patch the Context to emulate prior behavior.
* Type caster and capsule support for MlirDialectRegistry
This should make it possible to build downstream Python dialects that only depend on a subset of MLIR. See: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/56037
Here is an example PR, minimally adapting IREE to these changes: https://github.com/iree-org/iree/pull/9638/files In this situation, IREE is opting to not link everything, since it is already configuring the Context to its liking. For projects that would just like to not think about it and pull in everything, add `MLIRPythonExtension.RegisterEverything` to the list of Python sources getting built, and the old behavior will continue.
Reviewed By: mehdi_amini, ftynse
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D128593
This is already partially the case, but we can rely more heavily on interface libraries and how they are imported/exported in other to simplify the implementation of the mlir python functions in Cmake.
This change also makes a couple of other changes:
1) Add a new CMake function which handles "pure" sources. This was done inline previously
2) Moves the headers associated with CAPI libraries to the libraries themselves. These were previously managed in a separate source target. They can now be added directly to the CAPI libraries using DECLARED_HEADERS.
3) Cleanup some dependencies that showed up as an issue during the refactor
This is a big CMake change that should produce no impact on the build of mlir and on the produced *build tree*. However, this change fixes an issue with the *install tree* of mlir which was previously unusable for projects like torch-mlir because both the "pure" and "extension" targets were pointing to either the build or source trees.
Reviewed By: stellaraccident
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D128230
Introduce transform ops for "for" loops, in particular for peeling, software
pipelining and unrolling, along with a couple of "IR navigation" ops. These ops
are intended to be generalized to different kinds of loops when possible and
therefore use the "loop" prefix. They currently live in the SCF dialect as
there is no clear place to put transform ops that may span across several
dialects, this decision is postponed until the ops actually need to handle
non-SCF loops.
Additionally refactor some common utilities for transform ops into trait or
interface methods, and change the loop pipelining to be a returning pattern.
Reviewed By: springerm
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D127300
Python bindings for extensions of the Transform dialect are defined in separate
Python source files that can be imported on-demand, i.e., that are not imported
with the "main" transform dialect. This requires a minor addition to the
ODS-based bindings generator. This approach is consistent with the current
model for downstream projects that are expected to bundle MLIR Python bindings:
such projects can include their custom extensions into the bundle similarly to
how they include their dialects.
Reviewed By: nicolasvasilache
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D126208
The last remaining operations in the standard dialect all revolve around
FuncOp/function related constructs. This patch simply handles the initial
renaming (which by itself is already huge), but there are a large number
of cleanups unlocked/necessary afterwards:
* Removing a bunch of unnecessary dependencies on Func
* Cleaning up the From/ToStandard conversion passes
* Preparing for the move of FuncOp to the Func dialect
See the discussion at https://discourse.llvm.org/t/standard-dialect-the-final-chapter/6061
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D120624
This change adds full python bindings for PDL, including types and operations
with additional mixins to make operation construction more similar to the PDL
syntax.
Reviewed By: ftynse
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D117458
The execution engine would not be functional anyway, we're already
disabling the tests, this also disable the rest of the code.
Anecdotally this reduces the number of static library built when the
builtin target is disabled goes from 236 to 218.
Here is the complete list of LLVM targets built when running
`ninja check-mlir`:
libLLVMAggressiveInstCombine.a
libLLVMAnalysis.a
libLLVMAsmParser.a
libLLVMBinaryFormat.a
libLLVMBitReader.a
libLLVMBitstreamReader.a
libLLVMBitWriter.a
libLLVMCore.a
libLLVMDebugInfoCodeView.a
libLLVMDebugInfoDWARF.a
libLLVMDemangle.a
libLLVMFileCheck.a
libLLVMFrontendOpenMP.a
libLLVMInstCombine.a
libLLVMIRReader.a
libLLVMMC.a
libLLVMMCParser.a
libLLVMObject.a
libLLVMProfileData.a
libLLVMRemarks.a
libLLVMScalarOpts.a
libLLVMSupport.a
libLLVMTableGen.a
libLLVMTableGenGlobalISel.a
libLLVMTextAPI.a
libLLVMTransformUtils.a
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D117287
Historically, the bindings for the Linalg dialect were included into the
"core" bindings library because they depended on the C++ implementation
of the "core" bindings. The other dialects followed the pattern. Now
that this dependency is gone, split out each dialect into a separate
Python extension library.
Depends On D116649, D116605
Reviewed By: stellaraccident
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D116662
So far, only the custom dialect types are exposed.
The build and packaging is same as for Linalg and SparseTensor, and in
need of refactoring that is beyond the scope of this patch.
Reviewed By: stellaraccident
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D116605
There is no completely automated facility for generating stubs that are both accurate and comprehensive for native modules. After some experimentation, I found that MyPy's stubgen does the best at generating correct stubs with a few caveats that are relatively easy to fix:
* Some types resolve to cross module symbols incorrectly.
* staticmethod and classmethod signatures seem to always be completely generic and need to be manually provided.
* It does not generate an __all__ which, from testing, causes namespace pollution to be visible to IDE code completion.
As a first step, I did the following:
* Ran `stubgen` for `_mlir.ir`, `_mlir.passmanager`, and `_mlirExecutionEngine`.
* Manually looked for all instances where unnamed arguments were being emitted (i.e. as 'arg0', etc) and updated the C++ side to include names (and re-ran stubgen to get a good initial state).
* Made/noted a few structural changes to each `pyi` file to make it minimally functional.
* Added the `pyi` files to the CMake rules so they are installed and visible.
To test, I added a `.env` file to the root of the project with `PYTHONPATH=...` set as per instructions. Then reload the developer window (in VsCode) and verify that completion works for various changes to test cases.
There are still a number of overly generic signatures, but I want to check in this low-touch baseline before iterating on more ambiguous changes. This is already a big improvement.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114679
Rename MLIR CAPI ExecutionEngine target for consistency:
MLIRCEXECUTIONENGINE -> MLIRCAPIExecutionEngine in line with other
targets.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114596
Re-applies D111513:
* Adds a full-fledged Python example dialect and tests to the Standalone example (need to do a bit of tweaking in the top level CMake and lit tests to adapt better to if not building with Python enabled).
* Rips out remnants of custom extension building in favor of pybind11_add_module which does the right thing.
* Makes python and extension sources installable (outputs to src/python/${name} in the install tree): Both Python and C++ extension sources get installed as downstreams need all of this in order to build a derived version of the API.
* Exports sources targets (with our properties that make everything work) by converting them to INTERFACE libraries (which have export support), as recommended for the forseeable future by CMake devs. Renames custom properties to start with lower-case letter, as also recommended/required (groan).
* Adds a ROOT_DIR argument to declare_mlir_python_extension since now all C++ sources for an extension must be under the same directory (to line up at install time).
* Downstreams will need to adapt by:
* Remove absolute paths from any SOURCES for declare_mlir_python_extension (I believe all downstreams are just using ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} here, which can just be ommitted). May need to set ROOT_DIR if not relative to the current source directory.
* To allow further downstreams to install/build, will need to make sure that all C++ extension headers are also listed under SOURCES for declare_mlir_python_extension.
This reverts commit 1a6c26d1f5.
Reviewed By: stephenneuendorffer
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D113732
* Depends on D111504, which provides the boilerplate for building aggregate shared libraries from installed MLIR.
* Adds a full-fledged Python example dialect and tests to the Standalone example (need to do a bit of tweaking in the top level CMake and lit tests to adapt better to if not building with Python enabled).
* Rips out remnants of custom extension building in favor of `pybind11_add_module` which does the right thing.
* Makes python and extension sources installable (outputs to src/python/${name} in the install tree): Both Python and C++ extension sources get installed as downstreams need all of this in order to build a derived version of the API.
* Exports sources targets (with our properties that make everything work) by converting them to INTERFACE libraries (which have export support), as recommended for the forseeable future by CMake devs. Renames custom properties to start with lower-case letter, as also recommended/required (groan).
* Adds a ROOT_DIR argument to `declare_mlir_python_extension` since now all C++ sources for an extension must be under the same directory (to line up at install time).
* Need to validate against a downstream or two and adjust, prior to submitting.
Downstreams will need to adapt by:
* Remove absolute paths from any SOURCES for `declare_mlir_python_extension` (I believe all downstreams are just using `${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}` here, which can just be ommitted). May need to set `ROOT_DIR` if not relative to the current source directory.
* To allow further downstreams to install/build, will need to make sure that all C++ extension headers are also listed under SOURCES for `declare_mlir_python_extension`.
Reviewed By: stephenneuendorffer, mikeurbach
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D111513
Introduce the initial support for operation interfaces in C API and Python
bindings. Interfaces are a key component of MLIR's extensibility and should be
available in bindings to make use of full potential of MLIR.
This initial implementation exposes InferTypeOpInterface all the way to the
Python bindings since it can be later used to simplify the operation
construction methods by inferring their return types instead of requiring the
user to do so. The general infrastructure for binding interfaces is defined and
InferTypeOpInterface can be used as an example for binding other interfaces.
Reviewed By: gysit
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D111656
Precursor: https://reviews.llvm.org/D110200
Removed redundant ops from the standard dialect that were moved to the
`arith` or `math` dialects.
Renamed all instances of operations in the codebase and in tests.
Reviewed By: rriddle, jpienaar
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D110797
Constructing a ConstantOp using the default-generated API is verbose and
requires to specify the constant type twice: for the result type of the
operation and for the type of the attribute. It also requires to explicitly
construct the attribute. Provide custom constructors that take the type once
and accept a raw value instead of the attribute. This requires dynamic dispatch
based on type in the constructor. Also provide the corresponding accessors to
raw values.
In addition, provide a "refinement" class ConstantIndexOp similar to what
exists in C++. Unlike other "op view" Python classes, operations cannot be
automatically downcasted to this class since it does not correspond to a
specific operation name. It only exists to simplify construction of the
operation.
Depends On D110946
Reviewed By: stellaraccident
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D110947
Previously, the dialect was exposed for linking and pass management purposes,
but we did not generate op classes for it. Generate them.
Reviewed By: nicolasvasilache
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D110819
This is an important core dialect that has not been exposed previously. Set up
the default bindings generation and provide a nicer wrapper for the `for` loop
with access to the loop configuration and body.
Depends On D110758
Reviewed By: stellaraccident
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D110759
* Now that packaging has stabilized, removes old mechanisms for loading extensions, preferring direct importing.
* Removes _cext_loader.py, _dlloader.py as unnecessary.
* Fixes the path where the CAPI dll is written on Windows. This enables that path of least resistance loading behavior to work with no further drama (see: https://bugs.python.org/issue36085).
* With this patch, `ninja check-mlir` on Windows with Python bindings works for me, modulo some failures that are actually due to a couple of pre-existing Windows bugs. I think this is the first time the Windows Python bindings have worked upstream.
* Downstream changes needed:
* If downstreams are using the now removed `load_extension`, `reexport_cext`, etc, then those should be replaced with normal import statements as done in this patch.
Reviewed By: jdd, aartbik
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D108489
* Adds source targets (not included in the full set that downstreams use by default) to bundle mlir-c/ headers into the mlir/_mlir_libs/include directory.
* Adds a minimal entry point to get include and library directories.
* Used by npcomp to export a full CAPI (which is then used by the Torch extension to link npcomp).
Reviewed By: mikeurbach
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D107090
* For python projects that don't need JIT/ExecutionEngine, cuts the number of files to compile roughly in half (with similar reduction in end binary size).
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D106992
