As this comment around target initialization implies:
```
// This can be NULL if we don't know anything about the architecture or if
// the target for an architecture isn't enabled in the llvm/clang that we
// built
```
There are cases where we might fail to call `InitBuiltinTypes` when
creating the backing `ASTContext` for a `TypeSystemClang`. If that
happens, the builtins `QualType`s, e.g., `VoidPtrTy`/`IntTy`/etc., are
not initialized and dereferencing them as we do in
`GetBuiltinTypeForEncodingAndBitSize` (and other places) will lead to
nullptr-dereferences. Example backtrace:
```
(lldb) run
Assertion failed: (!isNull() && "Cannot retrieve a NULL type pointer"), function getCommonPtr, file Type.h, line 958.
Process 2680 stopped
* thread #15, name = '<lldb.process.internal-state(pid=2712)>', stop reason = hit program assert
frame #4: 0x000000010cdf3cdc liblldb.20.0.0git.dylib`DWARFASTParserClang::ExtractIntFromFormValue(lldb_private::CompilerType const&, lldb_private::plugin::dwarf::DWARFFormValue const&) const (.cold.1) +
liblldb.20.0.0git.dylib`DWARFASTParserClang::ParseObjCMethod(lldb_private::ObjCLanguage::MethodName const&, lldb_private::plugin::dwarf::DWARFDIE const&, lldb_private::CompilerType, ParsedDWARFTypeAttributes
, bool) (.cold.1):
-> 0x10cdf3cdc <+0>: stp x29, x30, [sp, #-0x10]!
0x10cdf3ce0 <+4>: mov x29, sp
0x10cdf3ce4 <+8>: adrp x0, 545
0x10cdf3ce8 <+12>: add x0, x0, #0xa25 ; "ParseObjCMethod"
Target 0: (lldb) stopped.
(lldb) bt
* thread #15, name = '<lldb.process.internal-state(pid=2712)>', stop reason = hit program assert
frame #0: 0x0000000180d08600 libsystem_kernel.dylib`__pthread_kill + 8
frame #1: 0x0000000180d40f50 libsystem_pthread.dylib`pthread_kill + 288
frame #2: 0x0000000180c4d908 libsystem_c.dylib`abort + 128
frame #3: 0x0000000180c4cc1c libsystem_c.dylib`__assert_rtn + 284
* frame #4: 0x000000010cdf3cdc liblldb.20.0.0git.dylib`DWARFASTParserClang::ExtractIntFromFormValue(lldb_private::CompilerType const&, lldb_private::plugin::dwarf::DWARFFormValue const&) const (.cold.1) +
frame #5: 0x0000000109d30acc liblldb.20.0.0git.dylib`lldb_private::TypeSystemClang::GetBuiltinTypeForEncodingAndBitSize(lldb::Encoding, unsigned long) + 1188
frame #6: 0x0000000109aaaed4 liblldb.20.0.0git.dylib`DynamicLoaderMacOS::NotifyBreakpointHit(void*, lldb_private::StoppointCallbackContext*, unsigned long long, unsigned long long) + 384
```
This patch adds a one-time user-visible warning for when we fail to
initialize the AST to indicate that initialization went wrong for the
given target. Additionally, we add checks for whether one of the
`ASTContext` `QualType`s is invalid before dereferencing any builtin
types.
The warning would look as follows:
```
(lldb) target create "a.out"
Current executable set to 'a.out' (arm64).
(lldb) b main
warning: Failed to initialize builtin ASTContext types for target 'some-unknown-triple'. Printing variables may behave unexpectedly.
Breakpoint 1: where = a.out`main + 8 at stepping.cpp:5:14, address = 0x0000000100003f90
```
rdar://134869779
a5f3a2a841