Related to https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/105522 Description: This PR is a joint work with Peter Hawkins (@hawkinsp) originally done by myself for pybind11 and then reworked to nanobind based on Peter's branch: https://github.com/hawkinsp/llvm-project/tree/nbdev . - Added free-threading CPython mode support for MLIR Python bindings - Added a test which can reveal data races when cpython and LLVM/MLIR compiled with TSAN Context: - Related to https://github.com/google/jax/issues/23073 Co-authored-by: Peter Hawkins <phawkins@google.com>